Genome group
Pasteurella multocida KB
Pasteurella multocida is a small, Gram-negative coccobacillus that is part of the normal oral flora of many animals, including dogs and cats. This bacterium is the etiologic agent behind a variety of infectious diseases in animals and humans. Its significance was first described through DNA-DNA hybridization studies, which classified it within the genus Pasteurella Trevisan 1887 and distinguished its position from other related species. The genus itself consists of several species, with Pasteurella multocida having three subspecies: Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida, Pasteurella multocida subsp. septica, and Pasteurella multocida subsp. gallicida[1].

Research has shown that Pasteurella multocida can cause respiratory diseases in various species, from domesticated animals to wild great apes, as evidenced by its isolation from wild living chimpanzees in Taï National Park, Côte d'Ivoire during a respiratory disease outbreak. Molecular characterization of these isolates revealed two new sequence types, ST68 and ST69, highlighting the clinical relevance and potential zoonotic threat posed by Pasteurella multocida[2]. Furthermore, this bacterium is linked to severe systemic and localized infections in humans, often following animal bites or scratches. These infections can range from localized wound infections to more severe systemic manifestations such as pneumonia, bacteremia, and meningitis, often affecting immunosuppressed individuals[3].

The pathogenicity of Pasteurella multocida involves multiple virulence factors, including capsule and lipopolysaccharide structures, that aid in immune evasion and survival in diverse hosts. Recent studies have focused on understanding these factors through comparative genomics and molecular pathogenesis, revealing its mechanisms for adhesion, invasion, and persistence in host environments[4]. In livestock, particularly in pigs and cattle, Pasteurella multocida contributes significantly to polymicrobial respiratory disease complexes, indicating its role in economically important animal diseases[5][6].

Recent studies continue to emphasize the complexity of Pasteurella multocida infections. In particular, a case involving a 71-year-old immunocompetent male patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease highlighted the importance of tailored antibiotic therapy for effective management[7]. Moreover, studies have identified antibiotic resistance patterns in isolates from companion animals, underscoring potential public health concerns[8] Investigations into the associations between systemic inflammatory responses and lower respiratory tract pathogens in dairy calves further emphasize the role of Pasteurella multocida in causing significant health issues in livestock[9].

Nomenclature KB
Pasteurella multocida is a versatile pathogen known to cause various diseases in mammals and birds globally. A study focusing on wild chimpanzees from Taï National Park, Côte d'Ivoire, isolated Pasteurella multocida from individuals affected by a respiratory disease outbreak in 2004. The isolates were subjected to phenotypic and molecular characterization, revealing two distinct clones and identifying two new sequence types, ST68 and ST69, through Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST). Phylogenetic analysis showed these isolates closely clustered with known Pasteurella multocida strains from diverse hosts and locations, highlighting the pathogen's clinical relevance in lethal disease outbreaks among endangered great apes[10]. Additionally, a comprehensive reclassification of the genus Pasteurella using DNA-DNA hybridization confirmed that Pasteurella multocida consists of three subspecies: Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida, Pasteurella multocida subsp. septica, and Pasteurella multocida subsp. gallicida. This study also proposed several new species within the genus, refining the taxonomic framework of Pasteurella and distinguishing it from closely related groups such as Actinobacillus[11].

Clinical Relevance of Pasteurella multocida KB
DiseaseReferenceCountryHost
Abortion, Bovine
Cattle
Abscess
Sheep, Mouse, Goat, Rabbit
Actinobacillus Pleuropneumonia
Swine
Animal Bite Infections
Cat, Dog
Arthritis
Pig
Asthma
Horse
Atrophic Rhinitis
Pig
Atrophic Rhinitis
Pig
Atrophic Rhinitis
Pig
Atrophic Rhinitis
Swine
Atrophic Rhinitis
Pig
Avian Cholera
United States
United States
Bird
Avian Cholera
Denmark
Denmark
Turkey, Chicken, Pheasant, Duck
Avian Cholera
Indonesia
Indonesia
Poultry
Avian Cholera
Denmark
Denmark
Bird
Avian Cholera
Antarctica
Antarctica
Bird
Avian Cholera
United States
United States
Goose
Avian Cholera
Antarctica
Antarctica
Bird
Bacteremia
Human
Bacteremia
Cow
Bacterial Infections
Bite Wounds
Bite Wound Infection
Human, Dog
Bite Wound Infection
Bite Wound Infection
United States
United States
Cat, Human, Dog
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Subtree KB
References
  • 1:
    Reclassification of the Genus Pasteurella Trevisan 1887 on the Basis of Deoxyribonucleic Acid Homology, with Proposals for the New Species Pasteurella dagmatis, Pasteurella canis, Pasteurella stomatis, Pasteurella anatis, and Pasteurella langaa,
    doi
    (EzBioCloudID: r13045),
  • 2:
    Pasteurella multocida involved in respiratory disease of wild chimpanzees,
    doi
    (,
    PumMed
    ).
  • 3:
    Pasteurella multocida infections. Report of 34 cases and review of the literature,
    PumMed
    .
  • 4:
    Pasteurella multocida: from zoonosis to cellular microbiology,
    doi
    (,
    PumMed
    ).
  • 5:
    Polymicrobial respiratory disease in pigs,
    doi
    (,
    PumMed
    ).
  • 6:
    Intranasal booster vaccination of beef steers reduces clinical signs following experimental coinfection with BRSV and BHV-1 without reducing shedding of BRD-associated bacteria,
    doi
    (,
    PumMed
    ).
  • 7:
    Successful Management of Pasteurella multocida Pneumonia in a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patient: A Case Report Highlighting the Importance of Tailored Antibiotic Therapy,
    doi
    (,
    PumMed
    ).
  • 8:
    Molecular characterization of Pasteurella multocida from cats and antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates,
    doi
    (,
    PumMed
    ).
  • 9:
    Association of clinical respiratory disease signs and lower respiratory tract bacterial pathogens with systemic inflammatory response in pre-weaned dairy calves,
    doi
    (,
    PumMed
    ).
  • 10:
    Pasteurella multocida involved in respiratory disease of wild chimpanzees,
    doi
    ,
    PumMed
    .
  • 11:
    Reclassification of the Genus Pasteurella Trevisan 1887 on the Basis of Deoxyribonucleic Acid Homology, with Proposals for the New Species Pasteurella dagmatis, Pasteurella canis, Pasteurella,
    doi
    , EzBioCloudID: r13045.